The performance of modified jatropha-oil based trimethylolpropane(TMP) ester on tribology characteristic for sustainable metalworking fluids (MWFs)

Metalworking fluids (MWFs) are widely used in machining process to improve its performance and product quality. It acts as a coolant and lubricant to reduce heat between the contact of two surfaces. However, commercial MWFs used in the industry were usually from petroleum-based oil which is toxic to the environment, difficult to dispose and caused significant health. Therefore, it is essential to develop a bio-based MWFs to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks. This study was aimed to determine the effect of chemically modified crude jatropha oil (CJO) with trimethylolpropane (TMP) at different molar ratio on tribological characteristic. The produced TMP esters are compared with synthetic ester in terms of wear scar diameter, coefficient of friction and friction torque. From the result, it shows that modified jatropha oil was equivalent with synthetic ester and provided good lubrication and reduce friction and wear.